Unresponsive, not breathing normally
Their heart may have stopped. Chest compressions push blood and oxygen to the brain until help arrives. Every second counts.
Tap their shoulder. Shout. If no response and no normal breathing, start compressions immediately.
Point at a specific bystander and tell them to call 108 and bring an AED if there's one nearby.
Heel of one hand between the nipples. Other hand on top. Lock your elbows. Shoulders directly above your hands.
Compress at least 5 cm deep (about 2 inches). 100–120 times per minute. Let the chest rise fully between pushes.
Continue compressions until they wake up, an AED arrives, or paramedics take over. Swap with someone every 2 minutes if you can.
Stop compressions. Roll them onto their side. Keep watching their breathing. Tell paramedics what you did.
These are short summaries, not training. Always call 108 in a life-threatening situation. If you've been trained in first-aid, follow your training.